Pakistan and Bangladesh After the Fall of Indian-Backed Governments: What Lies Ahead?

Recent political changes in South Asia, particularly the weakening of Indian-backed governments in the region, have reopened old questions about sovereignty, external influence, and regional identity. Nowhere is this more visible than in the evolving relationship between Pakistan and Bangladesh.

Once bound by geography and painful history, Pakistan and Bangladesh have often had a strained relationship. But with changing political leadership in Dhaka that seems more independent in tone, there is a subtle shift taking place. The decline in India’s overt political influence in Bangladesh is creating space for new dialogues, including a potential thaw in relations with Pakistan.

Bangladesh’s younger generation is increasingly vocal about the need for a foreign policy that puts national interest first. This sentiment has opened the door for more trade and people-to-people contact in the region, including with Pakistan. Despite past tensions, both nations recognize the economic benefits of normalized ties, especially in areas like textiles, pharmaceuticals, and tourism.

From Pakistan’s perspective, a more autonomous Bangladesh offers a chance to reset the relationship. With no major territorial disputes and a growing emphasis on regional trade blocs, the focus can now shift from historical grievances to mutual interests.

India, however, is likely to view this shift with concern. Its strategic depth in South Asia has relied heavily on influencing regional governments. Any sign of independent diplomacy between former adversaries like Pakistan and Bangladesh could disrupt the existing power balance.

As both countries navigate these changes, they face a rare opportunity. By choosing pragmatism over rivalry, Pakistan and Bangladesh could usher in a new chapter of cooperation, away from the shadows of 1971 and toward a shared future in a multipolar South Asia.